School Rules

By darlingcastellanos504 | Updated: April 14, 2022, 7:26 a.m.

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NATIONAL AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF HONDURAS
LN-101
Language Acquisition
Stages in first language acquisition
Students:

Esther Alejandra Chavarria Diaz     20191930405
Darling María Castellanos López     20191001834
Kimberly Nicolle Ramos                     20131017246
Mrs. García
Language Acquisition
Stages in first language acquisition
The children extract the rules from the language they hear around them all on their own. In this sense, it has been proposed that the early perception of speech plays a fundamental role in the acquisition of language.
The Linguistic Capacity of Children
Stages in first language acquisition
Perception
Children exposed to different languages under different cultural and social circumstances all develop their native language during a narrow window of time, going through similar, possibly universal, developmental stages.
Stages in first language acquisition
The innateness hypothesis receives its strongest support from the observation that the grammars people ultimately end up with contain many abstract rules and structures that are not directly represented in the linguistic input they receive.
But… What’s Learned, What’s Not?
Stages in first language acquisition
Stages in first language acquisition
The grammatical rules
The fact that children come up with rules and changes in sentences means that they know something about the hierarchical organization of sentences, something that was not directly provided to them in the input.
Stages in first language acquisition
Innateness hypothesis
According to the innateness hypothesis, the child does not need to learn structure dependency or the pronoun rule or any other universal principles of sentence formation such as the rule that heads of categories can take complements. These aspects of grammar are part of the innate blueprint for language.
what does the child acquire?
• Children acquire the language(s) they hear spoken in their community, not any random language.

• The children must learn the particular sounds and words of his language.

Stages in first language acquisition
The process of acquiring language
The process of acquiring language is rooted in human biology and supported by linguistic input from the environment. For example:

• English-speaking children hear that the subject comes first and that the verb precedes the object inside the VP.

• Japanese children acquire an SOV language. They learn that the object precedes the verb from hearing mature speakers of Japanese.

Stages in first language acquisition
Universal Grammar (UG)
UG constrains the kinds of grammatical rules children will formulate. It predisposes them to follow a restricted course of development that avoids many grammatical errors and gives rise to uniform developmental stages.
Stages in first language acquisition
Stages in Language Acquisition
The children pass through linguistic stages. They begin by babbling, they then acquire their first words, and in just a few months they begin to put words together into sentences.
The words and sentences that the child produces at each stage of development conform to the set of grammatical rules he has developed to that point.

Stages in Language Acquisition
During the first year of life, the infant’s job is to uncover the sounds of the ambient language. From around six months, he begins to lose the ability to discriminate between sounds that are not phonemic in his own language as his linguistic environment begins to shape his initial perceptions. 
Babbling
Babbling is the earliest stage in language acquisition. 
Babbling illustrates the readiness of the human mind to respond to linguistic input from a very early stage.
Babbling is a linguistic ability related to the kind of language input the child receives.
Stages in first language acquisition
Stages in first language acquisition
First Words
Some time after the age of one, the child begins to use the same string of sounds repeatedly to mean the same thing, thereby producing her first words. The age of the child when this occurs varies and has nothing to do with the child’s intelligence.
First Words
Holophrastic
It is a stage in which their utterances consist of only one Word.
It is called the holophrastic or “whole phrase” stage because these one-word utterances seem to convey the meaning of an entire sentence.

First Words
Baby Sign
It has been claimed that deaf babies develop their first signs earlier than hearing children speak their first words. This has led to the development of Baby Sign, a technique in which hearing parents learn and model for their babies various “signs”. 
Stages in first language acquisition
Every content word in English has a stressed syllable (monosyllabic, bisyllabic, etc).

Bisyllabic content words can be:

• Trochaic: which means that stress is on the first syllable.

• Iambic: which means stress is on the second syllable.

Stress is very salient to infants, and they are quick to acquire the rhythmic structure of their language.

Stages in first language acquisition
We have to know the language to learn the language
Children may first rely on statistical properties to isolate some words, and then, based on these words, learn the rhythmic, allophonic, and phonotactic properties of the language, which they then use for further segmentation.
Stages in first language acquisition
Conclusions

1. The capacity to learn language is deeply ingrained in us as a species, just as the capacity to walk, to grasp objects, to recognize faces.

2. From birth, babies lay the foundations of communication, using various types of communication such as sounds, babbling or even signs to express different needs.

3. The acquisition of language is one of the fundamental aspects in the development of the child, it is the weapon that opens thousands of doors to other knowledge, it is the tool of relationship with others and allows to interact appropriately.

School Rules

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